Clashing Philosophies
Philosophy is like asking really big questions about life, like "Why are we here?" and "What's real?". Philosophers ask really daring questions and use their brains like detectives trying to find answers really deeply and critically. They look at the tiniest things going on in the nature to big societal situations. It's a fascinating journey of discovery and understanding that helps us make sense of the world and ourselves
In this Blog we are going to see about how the famous Western philosophers thought about life and even though they were all more or less correct in their own way, they can sometimes contradict themselves with their opinions. The first clash is about Hegel and Nietzsche and the second is about Plato and Aristotle.
At the core of Hegel's philosophy there is a dialectical idealism, a way of understanding the reality through the opposing forces of nature.
Agreeing to the rationalist Hegel, the universe is basically sound which inconsistencies lead to the rise of novel concepts and concepts through the energetic handle, which shapes reality. A proposition, an direct opposite, and a amalgamation are the three components of this energetic approach; the collision of restricting suppositions yields a new viewpoint that serves as the establishment for the taking after stage of development.
Hegel's thoughts have had a significant effect on consequent philosophical and political thought. His persuasive strategy impacted masterminds like Karl Marx, who adjusted it into his hypothesis of authentic realism. Hegel's accentuation on the levelheadedness of the state moreover reverberated with afterward political logicians, counting advocates of magnanimous popular government and communitarianism.
One philosopher who was thinking in the opposite direction was Friedrich Nietzsche. Even though Hegel showed us the importance of the rationality of the universe and the importance of the state in human nourishment, Nietzsche examined these ideas and showed a rational perspective on reality and human nature.
Nietzsche repelled Hegel's idea of absolute spirit and view of history. In it’s place, he argued that there is no deep meaning within the universe and also says that trying to find the meaning is just a waste of time. Nietzsche famously says or claims the "God is dead" and suggests that traditional religious and moral beliefs hold no longer sway over human civilization.
Furthermore, Nietzsche criticized Hegel's effort on collective morality and ethics. He believed that focusing on the situation stifles respective creativity and freedom, eventually leading to mediocrity. Nietzsche championed the thought of "Ubermensch" or widely known as "overman", a person who is over other ordinary people and is always aiming to be a better version of himself within his own limits.
THE CLASH
Their view on history is very different as Hegel thought that whole story of history and time has a beginning, middle and end. One the other hand, Nietzsche thought that history repeats itself again and again like a never ending loop, with no real progress. Hegel believed that society needs rules and regulations to abide by and it was a must for them to live harmoniously, Nietzsche thought otherwise, he thought that these same rules kept people limited from unlocking their true potential and evolving into something greater. According to him we should make our own rules.
Plato
Plato(427-347 BCE) was a classical Greek philosopher and most probably one of the greatest thinker in the Western philosophy. He was a disciple of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle. His views are written in forms of dialogues which mostly featured Socrates as the mains character. In his dialogues, he explored a vast variety of subjects including metaphysics, ethics, politics, and aesthetics.
According to Plato there is an eternal realm of forms of idea and our world is just a imperfect copy of that real. These ideas are immutable, perfect, and universal topics and concepts. Only contemplating the true form can bring perfection to this world.
In "The Republic," Plato shows an ideal society run by a philosopher kings who possess the knowledge of THE FORMS and act for the welfare of the whole community. He discovers the questions of morality and justice and nature of peaceful life.
Aristotle (384-322 BCE)
Aristotle was a Greek philosopher and polymath who's contribution to the variety fields of science, logic, ethics, politics and aesthetics. He was a disciple of Plato and later guided the Alexander the Great, truly a life to be read about. Aristotle's works encompasses a vast range of matters and categorized into 3 mains groups which are logical works, physical works, and works on metaphysics.
Aristotle made a theory of causality based on four types of happenstance : material, formal, efficient, and final. According to him, these reasons explain why things happen and why things work the way they do and how they came into being.
THE CLASH
Plato believed in a world of never changing Forms and Ideas which he thought were the true reality behind the imperfect world we see. For example, there's a Form of circle that is just perfect even though no physical form of circle is perfect.
Aristotle disagreed with this. He focused on what we can see and observe in the physical world. He thought that understanding comes from looking at real things and how they work, not from contemplating abstract Forms.
Plato imagined only the philosopher kings can best rule the world and thus peace for everyone, wise leaders who understand the Forms and take the society toward justice and virtue.
Aristotle totally agreed that the need for a good government is unavoidable but he wanted a more practical approach. He thought the best government would be where the citizens could say their opinions in the politcal matter and have a vote on it, and leaders are chosen based on their merits and potentiality, abilities. All of these qualities must remain present alongside wisdom.
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